Question : Directions: Three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. All covers are red.
II. All red are magazines.
III. Some magazines are books.
Conclusions:
I. Some books are red.
II. Some magazines are covers.
III. No cover is a book.
Option 1: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 2: Both conclusions II and III follow
Option 3: Only conclusion II follow
Option 4: Only conclusion I follow
Correct Answer: Only conclusion II follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
Some books are red – From the given Venn diagram, there is no definite and direct relation between books and red. Therefore, this conclusion is false.
Conclusion (II):
Some magazines are covers – From the given Venn diagram, the circle of covers is completely inside the circle of magazines, implying that all covers are magazines, some magazines are covers is also true.
Conclusion (III):
No cover is a book – From the given Venn diagram, there is no definite or negative relation between cover and book. Therefore, this conclusion is false.
So, only conclusion II follows. Hence the third option is correct.
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