Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by four conclusions I, II, III, and IV. You have to consider these statements to be true, even if they seem at variance from commonly known facts. Decide which of the given conclusions logically follow/s from the given statement.
Statements:
1. All papers are stationery.
2. Some papers are books.
Conclusions:
I. Some stationery is paper.
II. No stationery is paper.
III.No book is stationery.
IV. Some books are papers.
Option 1: Only conclusions I, II, and IV follow
Option 2: Only conclusions I and II follow
Option 3: Only conclusions II and III follow
Option 4: Only conclusions I and IV follow
Correct Answer: Only conclusions I and IV follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Conclusion (I):
Some stationery is paper – As shown in the diagram, all paper is stationary which means the paper is part of the stationery and some stationery is paper is true. So, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion (II):
No stationery is paper – As shown in the diagram, all paper is stationary which means the paper is part of the stationery. So, this conclusion doesn't follow.
Conclusion (III):
No book is stationery – As shown in the diagram, the circles of books and stationery are overlapping which means they are some part of each other. So, this conclusion doesn't follow.
Conclusion (IV):
Some books are papers – As shown in the diagram, circles of books and papers are overlapping which means they are part of each other. So, this conclusion follows.
So, only conclusions I and IV follow. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
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