Question : Directions: Two statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
No tree is a plum.
All pomegranates are trees.
Conclusions:
I. No pomegranate is a plum.
II. No plum is a tree.
III. Some trees are pomegranates.
Option 1: All of the conclusions follow
Option 2: Only conclusions II and III follow
Option 3: Only conclusions I and II follow
Option 4: Only conclusions I and III follow
Correct Answer: All of the conclusions follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
No pomegranate is a plum – From the given Venn diagram, the circle of the pomegranate is completely inside the circle of a tree, implying that all pomegranates are trees and no tree is a plum. Therefore, no pomegranate is a plum is a true conclusion.
Conclusion (II):
No plum is a tree – From the given Venn diagram, no tree is a plum. Therefore, no plum is a tree is also a true conclusion.
Conclusion (III):
Some trees are pomegranates – From the given Venn diagram, all pomegranates are trees. Therefore, this conclusion is true.
So, all of the conclusions follow. Hence, the first option is correct.
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