Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow (s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some gold is silver.
All gold is platinum.
Conclusions:
I. Some silver is platinum.
II. All platinum is gold.
Option 1: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 2: Only conclusion II follows
Option 3: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 4: Only conclusion I follows
Correct Answer: Only conclusion I follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
Some silver is platinum – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing silver and platinum overlap and have a part of their area in common. So, from this, it can be concluded that some silver is platinum. Thus this conclusion follows.
Conclusion (II):
All platinum is gold – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing platinum lie outside the circle representing gold while some lie inside. So, from this, it can be concluded that some platinum is gold. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
So, only the conclusion I follows. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
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