Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follows from the statements.
Statements:
All bottles are black.
Some black are white.
Conclusions:
I. All blacks are bottles.
II. Some blacks are not white.
Option 1: Only conclusion I follows
Option 2: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 3: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 4: Only conclusion II follows
Correct Answer: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statement is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion I:
All blacks are bottles – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing blacks lie inside the circle representing bottles while some lie outside. So, from this, it can be concluded that some blacks are bottles. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion II:
Some blacks are not white – It is a possibility that some parts of the circle representing blacks are not overlapped by the circle representing whites. But this is not definite. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
So, neither conclusion I nor II follows. Hence, the third option is correct.
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