Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All rings are round.
No round is a square.
Conclusions:
I. No ring is square.
II. No square is round.
Option 1: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 2: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 3: Only conclusion II follows
Option 4: Only conclusion I follows
Correct Answer: Both conclusions I and II follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
No ring is square –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that all rings are round and no round is square. Thus, it can be concluded that no ring is square.
Conclusion (II):
No square is round –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that there is a negative relation between square and round. Thus, it can be concluded that no square is round.
So, both conclusions I and II follow. Hence, the second option is correct.
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