Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. Some apples are fruits.
II. All fruits are mangoes.
Conclusions:
I. Some apples are mangoes.
II. All mangoes are fruits.
Option 1: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 2: Only conclusion II follows
Option 3: Only conclusion I follows
Option 4: Both conclusions I and II follow
Correct Answer: Only conclusion I follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
Some apples are mangoes – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing apples and mangoes overlap and have a part of their area in common. So, from this, it can be concluded that some apples are mangoes. Thus, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion (II):
All mangoes are fruits – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing mangoes lie inside the circle representing fruits while some lie outside. So, from this, it can be concluded that some mangoes are fruits. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
So, the only conclusion I follows. Hence, the third option is correct.
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