Question : Directions: Two statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some rivers are oceans.
All oceans are beaches.
Conclusions:
I. Some rivers are beaches.
II. All oceans are rivers.
Option 1: Only conclusion II follows
Option 2: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 3: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 4: Only conclusion I follows
Correct Answer: Only conclusion I follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
Some rivers are beaches – From the given Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing rivers and beaches overlap and have some parts of their area in common. Thus, it can be concluded that some rivers are beaches. Therefore, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion (II):
All oceans are rivers – From the given Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing oceans and rivers intersect and have some parts of their area in common. Thus, it can be concluded that some oceans are rivers. Therefore, this conclusion does not follow.
So, the only conclusion I follows. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
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