Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some shells are pebbles.
All pebbles are rocks.
Conclusions:
I. No shell is a rock.
II. Some shells are rocks.
Option 1: Only conclusion I follows
Option 2: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 3: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 4: Only conclusion II follows
Correct Answer: Only conclusion II follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyze the conclusions –
Conclusion I:
No shell is a rock –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing shell and rock overlap and have some parts of their area in common. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion II:
Some shells are rocks –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing shells and rocks overlap and have some parts of their area in common. Thus, it can be concluded that some
shells are rocks.
So, the only conclusion II follows. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
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