Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some parrots are birds.
All Birds are animals.
Conclusions:
I. All animals are birds.
II. Some animals are parrots.
Option 1: Only conclusion I follows
Option 2: Only conclusion II follows
Option 3: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 4: Both conclusions I and II follow
Correct Answer: Only conclusion II follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
All animals are birds –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing animals lie inside the circle representing birds while some lie outside
. So, from this, it can be concluded that some animals are birds. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion (I):
Some animals are parrots –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing animals and parrots overlap and have some parts of their area in common. So, it can be concluded that some animals are parrots. Thus, this conclusion follows.
So, the only conclusion II follows. Hence, the second option is correct.
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