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Coming to the consequences of Third battle of Panipat, Sardesai has maintained that, while the Marathas lost manpower, neither the Marathas' power nor their ideal of capturing all of India was destroyed. Dr. J.N. Sarkar, on the other hand, believes it was a humiliating defeat for the Marathas. The Marathas lost their best leaders in this battle, allowing weak leaders like Raghunath Rao to rise to power. It weakened the Peshwa's power and prestige, resulting in the breakdown of Maratha unity and the formation of a confederacy of rival Maratha chiefs.

The Marathas lost their grip on northern politics. The Marathas needed time to recover from the defeats of this battle, which allowed the English and Haider Ali to capture Bengal and Mysore, respectively. As a result, it is widely assumed that, while the battle did not destroy Maratha power, it did significantly weaken it.

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