explain profit and loss and percentage and LCM and factors and equation and HCF

Hey!

The extra money earned by selling an article is called profit or gain. When Selling Price (S.P.) is greater than the Cost Price (C.P.), we have a profit. The money lost by selling an article is called Loss . When Cost Price (C.P.) is greater than the Selling Price (S.P.) we have a loss.

A percentage is a number or ratio that can be expressed as a fraction of 100. If we have to calculate percent of a number, divide the number by whole and multiply by 100.  It represented by the symbol “%”.

For two integers a and b, the Least Common Multiple ( LCM(a,b) ) is the smallest positive integer that is evenly divisible by both a and b. For example, LCM (2,3) = 6 and LCM (6,10) = 30.

Factors are always whole numbers or integers and never decimals or fractions. All even numbers will have number 2 as their factor. All numbers that end with 5 will have 5 as their factor. All numbers greater than 0 and ending with a 0 will have 2, 5, and 10 as their factors.

Equation is a statement that the values of two mathematical expressions are equal (indicated by the sign =).

The Highest Common Factor ( H.C.F ) of two (or more) numbers is the largest number that divides evenly into both numbers. In other words the H.C.F is the largest of all the common factors.

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