Question : Find two numbers such that their mean proportion is 16 and the third proportion is 1024.
Option 1: 4 and 32
Option 2: 4 and 64
Option 3: 8 and 64
Option 4: 8 and 32
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Correct Answer: 4 and 64
Solution : Let the two numbers as $a$ and $b$. The mean proportion of two numbers is the square root of their product. $\sqrt{ab} = 16$ Squaring both sides, $ab = 256$.....................................(1) The third proportional of two numbers $a$ and $b$ is the number which is to $b$ as $b$ is to $a$. $\frac{b}{a} = \frac{1024}{b}$ ⇒ $b^2 = 1024a$...............................(2) We can substitute $a = \frac{256}{b}$ from equation (1) into equation (2). ⇒ $b^2 = 1024×\frac{256}{b}$ ⇒ $b^3 = 1024×256$ ⇒ $b$ = 64 Substituting $b = 64$ in equation (1) ⇒ $64a = 256$ ⇒ $a$ = 4 So, the two numbers are 4 and 64. Hence, the correct answer is '4 and 64'.
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