Question : If the price of onion increases from INR 60 per kg to INR 75 per kg, then by what percentage should a household decrease the consumption of onion so that expenditure remains the same?
Option 1: 40%
Option 2: 25%
Option 3: 20%
Option 4: 30%
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Correct Answer: 20%
Solution : Let the household consume $a$ kgs of onion earlier and $b$ kgs of onion later. ⇒ The price paid by the household earlier = $60a$ ⇒ The price paid by the household now = $75b$ Since both prices should be the same, ⇒ $ 60a = 75b$ ⇒ $b = \frac{4a}{5}$ $\therefore$ Required percentage = $[\frac{(a-\frac{4a}{5})}{a}] × 100=\frac{100}{5}= 20\%$ Hence, the correct answer is 20%.
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