Question : In a square ABCD, diagonals AC and BD intersect at O. The angle bisector of $\angle CAB$ meets BD and BC at F and G, respectively. OF : CG is equal to:
Option 1: $1 : 2$
Option 2: $1 : 3$
Option 3: $1: \sqrt{2}$
Option 4: $1: \sqrt{3}$
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Correct Answer: $1: \sqrt{2}$
Solution : Given: ABCD is a square. Diagonal intersects at O. The angle bisector of $\angle$CAB meets BD and BC at F and G. Let's denote the side AB as \(x\). So, the diagonal AC = \(\sqrt{2}x\). $⇒OA = OB = OC = OD = \frac{AC}{2} = \frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}$ ___(i) Now, in $\triangle$AOB and from the angle bisector theorem, We have \(\frac{AB}{AO} = \frac{BF}{OF}\) \(⇒\frac{x}{\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}} = \frac{BF}{OF}\) Let's denote BF as \(\sqrt{2}y\) and OF as \(y\). From equation (i), We know that \(BF + OF = OB = \frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}\) \(⇒\sqrt{2}y + y = \frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}\) \(⇒y = \frac{x}{\sqrt{2} + 2}\) \(⇒OF = \frac{x}{\sqrt{2} + 2}\) ___ (iii) In $\triangle$ABC and from the angle bisector theorem, We have \(\frac{AB}{AC} = \frac{BG}{GC}\) \(⇒\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}x} = \frac{BG}{GC}\) Let's denote BG as \(z\) and GC as \(\sqrt{2}z\).___ (iv) Since \(BG + GC = BC = x\) We have \(z + \sqrt{2}z = x\) \(⇒z = \frac{x}{\sqrt{2} + 1}\) \(⇒CG = \frac{2x}{\sqrt{2} + 1}\)___ (v) Now from equations (iii) and (v), We get \(OF : CG = \frac{x}{\sqrt{2} + 2} : \frac{2x}{\sqrt{2} + 1}\) \(OF : CG = 1 : 2\). Hence, the correct answer is $1:2$.
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