Question : In $\triangle ABC$, $D$ and $E$ are the points of sides $AB$ and $BC$ respectively such that $DE \parallel AC$ and $AD : DB = 3 : 2$. The ratio of the area of trapezium $ACED$ to that of $\triangle DBE$ is:
Option 1: $4:15$
Option 2: $15:4$
Option 3: $4:21$
Option 4: $21:4$
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Correct Answer: $21:4$
Solution :
Given that in $\triangle ABC$, $D$ and $E$ are the points of sides $AB$ and $BC$, $DE \parallel AC$ and $AD : DB = 3 : 2$. From the figure, $\frac{DB}{AB}=\frac{2}{5}$ In $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle DBE$, $\angle ABC=\angle DBE$ (common angle) $\angle BAC=\angle BDE$ (corresponding angle) $\angle ACB=\angle DEB$ (corresponding angle) $\triangle ABC\sim\triangle DBE$, by AAA similarity. By Thales theorem, the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of the ratio of their corresponding sides. $\therefore\frac{\text{area of $\triangle ABC$}}{\text{area of $\triangle DBE$}}=(\frac{AB}{DB})^2$ $⇒\frac{\text{area of $\triangle ABC$}}{\text{area of $\triangle DBE$}}=(\frac{5}{2})^2$ $⇒\frac{\text{area of $\triangle ABC$}}{\text{area of $\triangle DBE$}}=\frac{25}{4}$ $⇒\frac{\text{area of $\triangle ABC$}}{\text{area of $\triangle DBE$}}-1 =\frac{25}{4}-1$ $⇒\frac{\text{area of $\triangle ABC$}-\text{area of $\triangle DBE$}}{\text{area of $\triangle DBE$}} =\frac{25-4}{4}$ $⇒\frac{\text{area of trapezium $ACED$ }}{\text{area of $\triangle DBE$}} =\frac{21}{4}$ Hence, the correct answer is $21:4$.
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