Correct Answer: Max Planck

Solution : The correct answer is Max Planck .

Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, a German physicist, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918 for his groundbreaking discovery of energy quanta. In the year 1900, he made a significant breakthrough by introducing the concept of the quantum of action, which is now widely recognized as Planck's constant, denoted as 'h.' Through rigorous scientific experimentation, Planck demonstrated that energy can exhibit characteristics of physical matter under specific conditions. This pivotal research laid the essential groundwork for the development of quantum theory. Alain Aspect, John Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger received the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for the quantum research and experiments.