Question : Read the passage and answer the following questions. IIT Delhi researchers have designed and fabricated a device that can generate electricity from water drops, raindrops, water streams, and even from ocean waves using "Triboelectric Effect" and "Electrostatic Induction". The device is called "Liquid-solid Interface Triboelectric Nanogenerator". The generated electricity can be stored in batteries for further use. Triboelectric effect is a known phenomenon for a long time, and in this effect, charges are generated when two surfaces are in friction. The best example we see are sparkling lights when we move the blankets/jackets.
The device has a very simple structure consisting of specially designed nanocomposite polymers and contact electrodes and can generate a few Milliwatt mW power, which is sufficient to power small electronic devices like watches, digital thermometers, radio frequency transmitters, healthcare sensors, pedometers. When compared to conventional methods, such as the use of the piezoelectric effect, the present device can generate significantly more electricity.
The researchers successfully incorporated nanostructures into a polymer matrix, which enhanced the film's surface roughness, polarizability, and hydrophobicity, among other characteristics, as a result. Due to the enhancement in the above property, the flexible film is used to fabricate the device where raindrops have just to slide down and can generate electricity. The artificially created rough surface allows to generate more charge and superhydrophobic properties of the solid surface help to roll the water drop without getting stick to the surface.
The IIT Delhi research team also explored the underlying mechanism of the electricity generated when the water drop comes in contact with the solid surface and it is shown that saline water drops generate more electricity. The researchers also showed that the device can even work with ocean waves, where the water is saline, and through the ocean waves contacting the surface of nanocomposite polymer film, electricity is generated.
Question:Name the electronic devices which can be powered with the device mentioned in the passage: 1. Watches 2. Pedometers 3. Refrigerators 4. Radio Frequency Transmitters
Option 1: Only 1 and 2
Option 2: All 1,2,3, and 4
Option 3: Only 3 and 4
Option 4: Only 1,2 , and 4
Correct Answer: Only 1,2 , and 4
Solution : The correcrt option is 4 i.e "Only 1, 2, and 4." Explanation:
Let's refer to the following lines of the passage:
The device has a very simple structure consisting of specially designed nanocomposite polymers and contact electrodes and can generate a few Milliwatt (Mw) power, which is sufficient to power small electronic devices like watches, digital thermometers, radio frequency transmitters, healthcare sensors, pedometers. The above statement clearly mention the watches, pedometers and radio frequency transmitters.
Question : When a stone is thrown into the calm water of a pond, the waves produced on the surface of the water in the pond are:
Option 1: Longitudinal
Option 2: Transverse
Option 3: Both longitudinal and transverse
Option 4: Waves are not produced
Question : Directions: Consider the statements to be true and decide which of the given conclusions/assumptions can be drawn from the given statements. Statements: When water is cooled, it turns into ice. When water is heated, it turns into steam. Conclusions: I. Water is a solid. II. Water is a gas.
Option 1: Only conclusion I follows
Option 2: Only conclusion II follows
Option 3: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 4: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Question : The term "grid parity" refers to:
Option 1: Equal distribution of energy resources
Option 2: The cost of renewable energy matching conventional energy
Option 3: A power outage in the electricity grid
Option 4: An efficient energy transmission system
Question : "Saubhagya" Scheme was launched to provide which of the following?
Option 1: Water connections
Option 2: LPG connections
Option 3: Electricity connections
Option 4: Broadband connections
Question : Statement 1: Hydropower is a renewable source of energy that harnesses the energy of flowing or falling water to generate electricity.
Statement 2: Dams and turbines are used to convert the potential and kinetic energy of water into electrical energy.
Option 1: Both statements are true.
Option 2: Statement 1 is true, and Statement 2 is false.
Option 3: Statement 1 is false, and Statement 2 is true.
Option 4: Both statements are false.
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