Question : Comprehension:

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Mountains occupy about a quarter of the Earth’s land, harbour most of its biodiversity hotspots, and supply fresh water to an estimated half of humanity. Present on every continent, mountains include a multitude of ecosystems holding many unique species, such as snow leopards and mountain gorillas. They are also home to great cultural diversity among people who have adapted to the challenges of mountain life. Their special traditions and breath-taking scenery attract ever-growing numbers of tourists.
Mountain regions are particularly sensitive to degradation from both human pressures and climate change. Steep slopes mean the clearing of forest for farming, settlements, or infrastructure, which can cause serious soil erosion as well as the loss of habitat. Erosion and pollution harm the quality of the water flowing downstream. Climate change threatens the quantity and timing of water supplies to farms, cities, industry and power stations. Fast-rising temperatures are forcing mountain species, ecosystems and the people that depend on them to adapt or migrate.

Question:

Which of the following most accurately states the central idea of the passage?

Option 1: Pollution

Option 2: Mountain ecosystem

Option 3: Biodegradation

Option 4: Climate change

Question : The idea of Rule of Law was adopted from the Constitution of which of the following countries?

Option 1: Russia

Option 2: United States of America

Option 3: United Kingdom

Option 4: Canada

Question : People of ______ have hardly any idea of extremes of temperature and the seasonal rhythm of weather.

Option 1: Indore

Option 2: Mumbai

Option 3: Jaisalmer

Option 4: Lucknow

Question : Comprehension:
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

As the world's population approaches 8 billion and resource use intensifies, pollution is becoming more extensive, pervasive, and persistent. It affects our health through the food we eat, the water we drink, and the air we breathe. By 2025, the world's cities will produce 2.2 billion metric tonnes of waste every year, more than three times the amount produced in 2009. That said, pollution is not a new phenomenon and is largely controllable and often avoidable, as shown in some countries and cities that have succeeded in decoupling economic growth from pollution and waste accumulation.

With the end goal of eradicating all forms of pollution by 2030, the UN Environment Programme was tasked by the UN Environment Assembly to coordinate the implementation of a global plan reiterating that pollution is not only an environmental priority, it's a priority for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.

Question:
Which of the following most accurately states the central idea of the passage?

Option 1: United Nations

Option 2: Pollution-free planet

Option 3: Population explosion

Option 4: Economic growth

Question : Comprehension:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
It is not an exaggeration to say that the question of where and when the Black Death, the deadliest pandemic ever, originated is one of the biggest mysteries in human history. After all, the Black Death was the first wave of the second plague pandemic of the 14th to early 19th centuries. It killed some 50-60% of the population in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa and an unaccountable number of people in Central Asia. Different proposals, based on competing theories, have been put forward. But in 2017, I came across some records describing an intriguing medieval cemetery in Kara-Djigach, Chüy Valley, northern Kyrgyzstan, which I suspected may hold the key. As part of a multidisciplinary team co-led by Maria Spyrou at the University of Tubingen, we have now investigated several specimens from individuals buried at that site – and come up with an answer. The idea that the Black Death originated in the east – territories overlapping, roughly speaking, Central Asia, Mongolia and China – dates back to the contemporaries of the pandemic in Europe and the Islamic world. The modern, academic Chinese origin theory dates back to at least 1756-8 and a publication about the history of Central Asia by French scholar Joseph de Guignes.
Select the suitable word given in the passage which means ‘areas of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state’.

Option 1: Territories

Option 2: Contemporaries

Option 3: Population

Option 4: Mysteries