Question : Select the most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to substitute it, select 'No substitution required'.
By the time his friends woke up, he had already begun his journey.
Option 1: begin
Option 2: No substitution required
Option 3: began
Option 4: beginning
Correct Answer: No substitution required
Solution : The correct choice will be the second option.
The underlined segment in the given sentence does not require substitution.
The sentence is grammatically correct as it is: By the time his friends woke up, he had already begun his journey.
The use of the past perfect tense ( had already begun ) is appropriate in this context to convey that the action of beginning the journey occurred before another past action ( his friends waking up ).
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