Correct Answer: Philology

Solution : The correct choice is the first option .

Philology is the branch of study that deals with the structure, historical development, and relationships of languages.

The meanings of other words are:

• Anthropology is the study of humanity and its evolutionary origins.
• Philosophy is the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence.
• Lexicography is the practice of creating books, computer programmes, or databases that are for public use.

Therefore, the most appropriate choice is philology .