Correct Answer: Both statements are true.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both statements are true.

Statement 1 accurately defines infrastructure as the fundamental physical and organizational structures required for the functioning of a society or organization. Infrastructure can encompass a wide range of systems and facilities, including transportation networks, communication systems, power grids, water supply systems, healthcare facilities, educational institutions, and more.

Statement 2 correctly identifies roads, railways, airports, and ports as examples of social infrastructure. Social infrastructure refers to the physical structures and facilities that support social activities and services within a society. These include transportation infrastructure, as mentioned in the statement, along with other elements like schools, hospitals, community centers, and public spaces that contribute to the well-being and development of communities.