Correct Answer: Statement 1 is false, and Statement 2 is true.

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Statement 1 is false, and Statement 2 is true.

Statement 1 is false because lower-level management does have some decision-making authority. The amount of authority that lower-level managers have varies depending on the organization. However, in general, lower-level managers are responsible for making decisions about how to implement the plans and strategies developed by top management. They also have the authority to make decisions about how to allocate resources and manage their team members.

Statement 2 is true because lower-level management is responsible for implementing the decisions made by top management and following specific guidelines. Lower-level managers do this by developing and implementing work plans, delegating tasks to team members, and monitoring performance. They also ensure that their team members are following the organization's policies and procedures.