Correct Answer: Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true, and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1 .

Solution : The correct option is (A) Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true, and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1 .

Statement 1 is true: Sustainable agriculture practices do aim to minimize the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, promote soil conservation, and ensure food security. Sustainable agriculture focuses on long-term environmental and social sustainability, considering the economic viability of farming practices as well. It involves the use of organic and natural fertilizers, integrated pest management, crop rotation, agroforestry, and other techniques that reduce reliance on synthetic inputs and prioritize soil health and biodiversity. The goal is to achieve productive and resilient agricultural systems while minimizing negative impacts on the environment.

Statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1. Sustainable agriculture practices do reduce the negative impacts of conventional farming on the environment and human health. Conventional farming, which relies heavily on synthetic inputs like fertilizers and pesticides, can contribute to soil degradation, water pollution, biodiversity loss, and human health risks associated with chemical exposure. By adopting sustainable agriculture practices, farmers can mitigate these negative impacts. For example, reducing synthetic inputs helps protect water quality, promotes beneficial insects and pollinators, and decreases the risk of pesticide residues in food. Sustainable agriculture practices also prioritize soil health, leading to improved soil fertility, water retention, and resilience to climate change.

Both statements are true, and statement 2 provides the correct explanation for statement 1.