Syllabus of October geography class 12

Hey Charul.

Syllabus is dependent upon the course completed by the teacher till that time. Although you may find a list of topics that CBSE offers below:

A. Fundamentals of Human Geography

Unit 1: Human Geography

• Nature and Scope

Unit 2: People

• The World Population - distribution, density and growth
• Population change - Components of population change, Demographic Transition
• Human development - concept; selected indicators, international comparisons

Unit 3: Human Activities

• Primary activities - concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and allied activities - some examples from selected countries
• Secondary activities - concept; manufacturing: types - household, small scale, large scale; agro based and mineral based industries
• Tertiary activities - concept; trade, transport and tourism; services; people engaged in tertiary activities
• Quaternary activities - concept; people engaged in quaternary activities - case study from selected countries

Unit 4: Transport, Communication and Trade

• Land transport - roads, railways; trans-continental railways
• Water transport - inland waterways; major ocean routes
• Air transport - Intercontinental air routes
• Oil and gas pipelines
• Satellite communication and cyber space - importance and usage for geographical information; use of GPS
• International trade - bases and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade; role of WTO in international trade

B. India: People and Economy

Unit 6: People

• Population: distribution, density and growth; composition of population - linguistic, religious;  rural-urban and occupational-regional variations in growth of population

Unit 7: Human Settlements

• Rural settlements - types and distribution
• Urban settlements - types, distribution and functional classification

Unit 8: Resources and Development

• Land resources - general land use; agricultural land use; geographical conditions and distribution of major crops (Wheat, Rice, Tea, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane and Rubber); agricultural development and problems
• Water resources - availability and utilization - irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods - rain water harvesting and watershed management
• Mineral and energy resources - distribution of metallic (Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese); non-metallic (Mica, Salt) minerals; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas and Hydroelectricity) and non-conventional energy sources (solar, wind, biogas) and conservation
• Planning in India - target group area planning (case study); idea of sustainable development (case study)

Unit 9: Transport, Communication and International Trade

• Transport and communication - roads, railways, waterways and airways: oil and gas pipelines; Geographical information and communication networks
• International trade - changing pattern of India's foreign trade; sea ports and their hinterland and airports

Unit 10: Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems

• Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal
• Urbanisation, rural-urban migration; problems of slums
• Land degradation

More info: https://school.careers360.com/exams/cbse-class-12th

Thanks.