Question : Thalassemia is a hereditary disease. It affects
Option 1: Blood
Option 2: Spleen
Option 3: Lungs
Option 4: Heart
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Correct Answer: Blood
Solution : The correct option is Blood.
Thalassemia is a hereditary (genetic) disorder that affects the blood and haemoglobin synthesis, a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body. There are two forms of thalassemia, each of which is caused by gene mutations: Mutations in the HBA1 and HBA2 genes on chromosome 16 cause alpha-thalassemia. These genes are important for the formation of alpha globin chains in haemoglobin. Mutations in the HBB gene, which codes for the generation of beta globin chains in haemoglobin and is located on chromosome 11, cause beta-thalassemia. There are several kinds and severity levels of beta-thalassemia, such as trait beta-thalassemia and significant beta-thalassemia (Cooley's anaemia).
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