Correct Answer: Export promotion

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Export promotion

The 1991 economic policy in India, also known as the New Economic Policy (NEP) or economic liberalization, aimed to shift the country's economic focus from import substitution to export promotion. Import substitution refers to the strategy of producing goods domestically to replace imports, while export promotion focuses on increasing exports to boost economic growth and development.

The NEP sought to change this by encouraging export-oriented growth and promoting international trade. It involved removing trade barriers, reducing tariffs and import restrictions, and providing incentives and support to industries to enhance their export capabilities. The policy changes aimed to increase foreign exchange earnings, attract foreign investment, and improve India's competitiveness in the global market.