Correct Answer: Controlling

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Controlling.

Controlling is a function of management that involves monitoring and evaluating the progress and performance of employees and the organization as a whole. It is an essential part of the directing function as it ensures that the activities are carried out according to the plans and objectives set during the planning phase. Controlling also plays a crucial role in providing feedback to employees, assessing their performance, and guiding them towards improvement. It involves comparing actual performance against the established standards or benchmarks and taking appropriate measures to address any gaps or issues.