Correct Answer: Traditional Chinese culture

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Traditional Chinese culture

The Cultural Revolution, which took place in China from 1966 to 1976, was launched by Mao Zedong with the goal of revitalizing the socialist revolutionary spirit and purging capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society. The movement targeted intellectuals, party officials, and individuals associated with the "Four Olds": old ideas, old culture, old customs, and old habits. Traditional Chinese culture, including ancient customs, literature, and traditional practices, was seen as a hindrance to the goals of the revolution and was actively suppressed and criticized.

It's important to note that the Cultural Revolution was a complex and multifaceted movement that involved political power struggles, factionalism, and widespread social upheaval. Its impact on Chinese society was far-reaching and had significant political, social, and economic consequences.