Correct Answer: Income, education, and health

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Income, education, and health.

The HDI is a composite index created by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to assess and compare the levels of human development across different countries. It takes into account multiple dimensions of development, including income, education, and health.

The income component is measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita, which reflects the average income of individuals in a country. The education component considers indicators such as mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling, which represent the educational attainment of the population. The health component includes indicators like life expectancy at birth, which reflects the overall health status of the population.

The HDI provides a more holistic and comprehensive assessment of development beyond economic indicators like GDP or industrial output.