Correct Answer: Central bank

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Central bank.

Monetary policy is primarily controlled by the central bank of a country. The central bank is responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policy to achieve certain objectives such as price stability, economic growth, and low unemployment. It typically has the authority to regulate the money supply, set interest rates, and influence credit conditions in the economy. Central banks use various tools, such as open market operations, reserve requirements, and interest rate adjustments, to control the money supply and influence economic activity. While the government may have some influence on monetary policy through fiscal policy decisions, the central bank is generally the primary authority in charge of monetary policy.