Correct Answer: National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO)

Solution : The correct answer is (b) National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO).

The National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO), under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, is responsible for conducting large-scale household surveys to collect data on various socio-economic aspects, including poverty. The NSSO conducts periodic surveys, such as the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES), which provides data on household consumption patterns and expenditure.

Based on the data collected through these surveys, the NSSO uses a methodology to estimate the poverty line in India. The poverty line is determined by considering the minimum level of consumption or expenditure required to meet basic needs and achieve a certain standard of living. The NSSO's methodology takes into account factors such as food consumption, non-food expenses, and other parameters specific to different regions and population groups.

It's important to note that poverty estimation methods and agencies involved in poverty assessment may evolve over time. For the most up-to-date information on the determination of the poverty line in India, it is advisable to refer to official reports and publications released by the concerned authorities.