the process of soap formation is known as
Hi,
The process of formation of soap is referred to as saponification.
Basically, it is a conversion of fat, oil, or lipid , into soap and alcohol by the action of heat in the presence of aqueous alkali. Soaps are basically salts of fatty acids that have long carbon chains like Sodium palmitate. These reactions are irreversible in nature and are exothermic.
I hope this helped you.