Question : The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton covering the surface water of a lake or pond is known as:
Option 1: eutrophication
Option 2: water bloom
Option 3: water pollution
Option 4: water hyacinth
Correct Answer: eutrophication
Solution : The correct answer is eutrophication .
When nutrient levels in any water body increase, especially that of phosphate and nitrate, which leads to increases in the biomass of the water body, this process is known as eutrophication. Its initial stage is characterised by the rapid growth of phytoplankton in the upper layer of the water body. It is caused because of agricultural runoff, and industrial waste, which increase nutrient levels. It is harmful and leads to the death of the aquatic ecosystem.
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