Correct Answer: Insolation

Solution : The correct option is Insolation.

The solar radiation that the Earth's surface receives is referred to as "insolation". The term insolation (incoming solar radiation) refers to the quantity of solar energy that reaches the Earth's surface. It includes visible light, ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR) radiation, as well as the entire solar electromagnetic radiation spectrum. A key element of Earth's climate, insolation is essential to many environmental processes, including the heating of the atmosphere, the control of weather patterns, and the maintenance of photosynthesis in plants.