Question : The sum of three numbers is 126. If the ratio of the first to third is 3 : 7 and that of the second to third is 4 : 7, then what is the second number?
Option 1: 36
Option 2: 27
Option 3: 63
Option 4: 56
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Correct Answer: 36
Solution : Let the three numbers as $a, b,$ and $c,$ respectively. Given that the sum of the three numbers is 126, we have: $a + b + c = 126$ --------------------(1) It's also given that the ratio of the first to third is 3 : 7 and that of the second to third is 4 : 7. $\Rightarrow \frac{a}{c} = \frac{3}{7}$ $\Rightarrow a = \frac{3}{7}c$ Also, $\frac{b}{c} = \frac{4}{7}$ $\Rightarrow b = \frac{4}{7}c$ Substituting these values into the first equation, we get: $\Rightarrow \frac{3}{7}c + \frac{4}{7}c + c = 126$ $\Rightarrow \frac{14}{7}c = 126$ $\Rightarrow c = 63$ Substituting c into the equation for b. $\Rightarrow b = \frac{4}{7} \times 63 = 36$ Hence, the correct answer is 36.
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