what are the ground water recharge methods?

Hello,

Ground water recharge is hydro-logical process where water moves downward form surface water to ground water. There are several methods of ground water recharge from which Here are top 7 methods of ground water recharge.

1. Spreading basins :- This method involves surface flooding of water that are excavated in the existing terrain. For effective recharge highly permeable soils are suitable and maintenance of a layer of water over the highly permeable soil is necessary so for this method the site having permeable soil is usually selected.

2. Recharge pits and shafts :- The recharge pits are constructed for to store the surface flowing water which ultimately helps to increase the ground water recharge by reducing runoff.

3. Ditches :- A ditch is described as a long narrow trench, with its bottom width less than its depth. A ditch system is designed to suit topographic and geological condition that exists at the given site. A layout for a ditch and flooding recharge project could include a series of trenches running down the topographic slope. In this way the runoff introduction get reduce and the percolation of water increases which causes the increase in the ground water level.

4. Recharge Wells :- Recharge well are used to directly recharge the deep-water bearing strata. By this method high level of ground recharging can be achieved.

5. Harvesting is cistern from Hill sides :- In this method the drains are constructed along the contours of hilly area which stores the flowing water from the hills and make the water to percolate into the ground in this way the recharging methods works.

6. Subsurface dams :- Ground water moves from higher-pressure head to lower one. This will help in semi-arid zone regions especially in upper reaches where the ground water velocity is high. By exploiting more ground water in upper reaches more surface water can be utilized indirectly, thereby reducing inflow into lower reaches of supply. Ground water can be stored in the natural aquifers or in artificial sand storage dams in this way the subsurface dams helps.

7. Farm ponds :- These are traditional structures in rain water harvesting. Farm ponds are small storage structures collecting and storing runoff waste for drinking as well as irrigation purposes. Because of this structure the ground water recharging is also carried out.

Hope this answer is beneficial to you

Good luck

1. Spreading method