Correct Answer: Revenue generated by fines, fees, and licenses

Solution : The correct answer is (b). Revenue generated by fines, fees, and licenses.

Non-tax revenue refers to the income or revenue generated by a government that does not come from taxes. Instead, it is generated through various other means such as fines, fees, licenses, permits, penalties, royalties, and other non-tax sources. These revenues are typically collected by the government as a result of specific transactions or activities and are considered a source of income for the government's budget.

Examples of non-tax revenue include fines for traffic violations, fees for government services like passport applications or vehicle registrations, charges for licenses or permits for businesses or professionals, revenue from state-owned enterprises, earnings from state-run lotteries or gambling activities, royalties from natural resource extraction, and income from public services like parking fees or tolls.