Question : When a government borrows money to finance its expenditures, it is known as:
Option 1: Deficit financing
Option 2: Balanced budget financing
Option 3: Surplus financing
Option 4: None of the above
Correct Answer: Deficit financing
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Deficit financing.
When a government borrows money to finance its expenditures, it is referred to as deficit financing. Deficit financing occurs when the government's total expenditures exceed its total revenues, leading to a budget deficit. To cover this deficit, the government borrows money from various sources such as issuing bonds, obtaining loans from domestic or foreign entities, or utilizing other forms of debt.