Hi

The best language for programming advanced robots, the people who are working in advanced robotics asks this question atleast once in their career. But there is no simple answer to that question. People use different types of languages while designing, some use c++ for performance while some use python because it is easier to learn and use and it can be used to develop ROS packages.

Here are some languages widely used for programming a robot

C/ c++: because the hardware libraries used in robotics, use one of the language. Provides good performance but not easy to learn

Python: language found in ROS

Java

C#/. Net

MATLAB: Used in data analysis and development of control system

Hardware description language ( HDLs)

LISP and prolog

Industrial robot languages

Scratch

Pascal: the one of the 1st programming language. But it is good for programming an Industrial robot.

Hope this helps