Correct Answer: Controlling

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Controlling

Controlling is the management function that focuses on monitoring performance against set standards, goals, and objectives. It involves comparing actual results with planned or desired outcomes, identifying any deviations or variances, and taking corrective actions to address those deviations. The controlling function includes activities such as measuring performance, analyzing data, providing feedback, and implementing adjustments as necessary. The purpose of controlling is to ensure that organizational activities are on track, goals are being achieved, and resources are utilized effectively. Therefore, controlling is the management function that involves monitoring performance and taking corrective actions.