Correct Answer: Practical utility

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Practical utility.

Principles of management are characterized by their practical utility, which means they are designed to be applicable and useful in real-world management scenarios. These principles are developed based on empirical observations, research, and best practices to provide managers with actionable guidelines and frameworks for effective decision-making, planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The principles of management aim to offer practical solutions and approaches that can be implemented to improve managerial effectiveness and enhance organizational performance.