Correct Answer: Differential piece-rate system

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Differential piece-rate system.

Scientific management, developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor, involves the application of scientific methods and techniques to improve efficiency and productivity in organizations. The differential piece-rate system is one such technique used in scientific management. It involves providing different rates of pay to workers based on their level of performance or output. The objective of the differential piece-rate system is to incentivize higher productivity by linking compensation directly to individual performance.