Question : Which of the following is the only rack railway in India that was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005?
Option 1: Nilgiri Mountain Railway
Option 2: Kangra Valley Railway
Option 3: Matheran Hill Railway
Option 4: Kalka-Shimla Railway
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Correct Answer: Nilgiri Mountain Railway
Solution : The correct option is the Nilgiri Mountain Railway.
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway (NMR) is the only rack railway in India that has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The NMR is located in the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu and runs from Mettupalayam to Ooty (Udhagamandalam). The Nilgiri Mountain Railway is known for its unique rack and pinion system, which allows the train to navigate steep gradients. This system is particularly important as the route includes some significant inclines, making it necessary for the train to climb the hills efficiently.
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