Correct Answer: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

The scheme launched by the Government of India to provide employment opportunities in rural areas is the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was enacted in 2005 with the objective of enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The scheme aims to address rural unemployment and poverty by offering employment opportunities to rural households and promoting inclusive growth.

MGNREGA ensures that a specified minimum wage rate is paid to workers, with provisions for timely payment and social security measures. The scheme also emphasizes the participation of women and promotes gender equity in rural employment.

By providing employment opportunities, MGNREGA aims to alleviate poverty, reduce distress migration, empower rural communities, and contribute to sustainable development in rural areas of India.