Amine Amide Imine: Introduction, Classification, Difference Between Amine, Amide, Imine

Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid, whereas Amine is an ammonia derivative in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group. A nitrogen atom that is joined to a carbonyl carbon by hydrogen or carbon atoms is joined by a sigma bond. An imine, in contrast, is a functional group made composed of a double bond between carbon and nitrogen. Nitrogen is joined to either a hydrogen atom or an atom of carbon. The chemical is a Schiffs base if it is linked to a carbon atom.

What Is Amine?

Amines are substances and functional groups that have a nitrogen atom that is basic and has a lone pair. Formally, amines are ammonia (NH3) derivatives in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been swapped out for a substituent, such as an alkyl or aryl group (They may be referred to as alkylamines and arylamines, respectively (alkyl arylamines are amines in which both forms of the substituent are connected to one nitrogen atom). Amino acids, biogenic amines, trimethylamine, and aniline are significant amines.

Classification Of Amine

• Primary(1°) amines: When an alkyl or aromatic group is added to one of ammonia's three hydrogen atoms, a primary amine is created. Methylamine, most amino acids, and the buffering agent tris are all significant primary alkyl amines, whereas aniline is a primary aromatic amine.

• Secondary(2°) amines: Two organic substituents (alkyl, aryl, or both) are bonded to the nitrogen together with one hydrogen in secondary amines. Dimethylamine is a significant representation, while diphenylamine is an example of an aromatic amine.

• Tertiary (3°) amines: In tertiary amines, nitrogen is substituted by three different chemical groups. Examples are EDTA and trimethylamine, both of which have a distinctly fishy odour.

What is Amide?

A chemical having the generic formula RC(=O)NR′R′′, where R, R', and R′′ represent organic groups or hydrogen atoms, is an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide. When the amide group is found in the protein's main chain, it is referred to as a peptide bond, and when it is found in a side chain, like in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine, it is referred to as an isopeptide bond. The amine group (NR′R′′) can be thought of as a derivative of a carboxylic acid (RC(=O)OH), alternatively, as an acyl (alkanoyl) group (RC(=O)) connected to an amine group.

Classification Of Amide

• According to whether the amine subgroup has the form NH2, NHR, or NRR, where R and R' are groups other than hydrogen, amines are classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary.

• The amide group is the name for the central "C(=O)N" of amides (specifically, the carboxamide group).

• In both nature and technology, amides are everywhere. Important polymers with amide group connections include proteins and popular plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar. These linkages are simple to produce, provide structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Along with many other significant biological substances, amides also include several medications including paracetamol, penicillin, and LSD. Common solvents include low-molecular-weight amides like dimethylformamide.

What Is Imine?

An imine is a functional group or organic molecule in organic chemistry that has a carbon-nitrogen double bond (C=N). A hydrogen atom or an organic group may be joined to the nitrogen atom (R). The carbon atom is connected to two more single bonds. Imines are prevalent in both natural and manmade substances, and they take part in a variety of processes.

Classification Of Imine

• Imines are related to ketones and aldehydes because an NR group takes the place of the oxygen. A compound is the main imine when R = H and a secondary imine when R is hydrocarbyl. The substance may occasionally be referred to as a Schiff base if this group contains no hydrogen atoms. The imine is known as an oxime when R3 is OH, and as a hydrazone when R3 is NH2.

• A primary aldimine is an imine in which the C atom is joined to both a hydrocarbyl and a hydrogen; a secondary imine containing similar groups is referred to as a secondary aldimine. A primary imine in which C is connected to two hydrocarbyls is known as a primary ketamine.

Difference Between Amine And Amide

Amine:

• One or more nitrogen atoms are joined to alkyl groups to form an amino acid.

• The carbon atom in an amine is not joined to a carbonyl group.

• Amine is basic.

• At ambient temperature, most low molecular weight amines are gases or

• simple to vaporise.

• Amine boils at a relatively low temperature.

Amide:

• Amide comprises an acyl group and a deprotonated ammonium group.

• The carbon atom in an amide is joined to a carbonyl group.

• The acidity of amide.

• At room temperature, the majority of the amide is solid.

• Amide boils at a relatively high temperature.

Difference Between Amide And Imine

Amide:

• A carboxylic acid derivative is known as amine.

• Amide has no smell.

• R(CO)NR2 is a general formula for amide.

• Amide and imine have substantially longer bonds than each other.

Imine:

• Aldehydes and ketones can be converted into imines by replacing an oxygen atom with an (N-R) group.

• Imine smells like grilled seafood.

• R2C=NR is the general formula for imine.

• Imine bonds are generally shorter than amide bonds in length.