Baking Soda Washing Soda Plaster of Paris - Preparation, Formula, Uses, FAQs

Sodium bicarbonate commonly called baking soda is the chemical compound formula NaHCO₃. Sodium carbonate break down into sodium cation as well as a bicarbonate anion. Sodium carbonate can be obtained by heating baking soda, and recrystallization of sodium carbonate gives washing soda. It is also called basic salt.

The preparation of Baking Soda:

Baking soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of Sodium Chloride, ammonia as well as carbon dioxide in water. The carbon dioxide involved is produced through Calcium Carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. Finally, sodium bicarbonate is produced as one of the end products.

Uses of Baking Soda

• It is used as an ingredient in the manufacturing of antacids

• It is used in making soft and fluffy bread and cakes due to the production of carbon dioxide when it is heated or mixed in water.

• It is used for making soda-acid fire extinguishers.

Washing Soda: What is washing soda/What is the formula of washing soda/What is the chemical formula of washing soda

The powder in Washing Soda is whitish and odourless. Its chemical Washing Soda formula or washing powder formula is Na₂CO₃ and it is commonly called sodium carbonate. This substance is hygroscopic, which means that it absorbs moisture from the air. Water forms a strongly Alkaline solution at low concentrations, which is soluble in water. Washing Soda's chemical name is sodium carbonate and the chemical formula of washing soda/chemical formula of Washing Soda is Na₂CO₃.

Solvay synthesizes Washing Soda through a process that depends on phosphoric acid. Salovey’s process uses sodium chloride, ammonia, and carbon dioxide as catalysts.

Calcium carbonate generates carbon dioxide, and the leftover calcium oxide is used to recover ammonia from ammonium chloride. A sodium bicarbonate solution is first obtained, which is then converted to sodium carbonate by heating. Lastly, Washing Soda is produced by recrystallizing sodium carbonate.

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Washing Soda preparation:

The first step is to produce sodium bicarbonate, which is then converted to sodium carbonate. Last but not least, Washing Soda is made from sodium carbonate recrystallize.

The Solvay manufacturing process is used to make washing soda. It is manufactured via a reaction between sodium chloride, ammonia, and carbon dioxide in water. In this process, carbon dioxide is formed by manufacturing calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left after is used to recover ammonia from ammonium chloride.

NaCl + NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O → NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl

2 NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Na₂CO₃ + 10H₂O → Na₂CO₃.10H₂O

Uses of Washing Soda class 10

A common use of Baking Soda is to remove burnt-on grease from kitchen utensils. Several industries use this product, such as soap, glass, and paper.

This helps to remove the permanent hardness of the water. It is used for manufacturing various sodium compounds, for example, borax.

Plaster of Paris

This finely powdered chemical compound hardens when exposed to moisture and allowed to dry. It has the chemical formula CaSO₄.1/2H₂O and is sometimes referred to as Calcium Sulphate hemihydrate.

Plaster of Paris is a fine white powder consisting of a chemical compound that hardens after exposure to moisture in the air. It has the chemical formula CaSO₄.1/2H₂O and is sometimes referred to as calcium sulphate hemihydrate. In the manufacturing process, gypsum (CaSO₄.2H₂O) is used to make Plaster of Paris.

Gypsum becomes calcium sulphate (Plaster of Paris) after it is heated to 373 K, destroying its water molecules.

CaSO₄.2H₂O → CaSO₄.1/2H₂O + 3/2H₂O

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How to prepare Plaster of Paris:

Gypsum (CaSO₄.2H₂O) is the basis of the Plaster of Paris. During heating at 373 K, gypsum loses its water molecules and forms calcium sulphate (Plaster of Paris).

CaSO₄.2H₂O → CaSO₄.1/2H₂O + 3/2H₂O

Uses of Plaster of Paris

During fracture surgeries, doctors use Plaster of Paris to support fractured bones in the right position. It is used to produce toys and decorations. The surface smoothness of surfaces is also improved by it.