Question : Comprehension:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Plato is the earliest important educational thinker, and education is an essential element in 'The Republic' (his most important work on philosophy and political theory, written around 360 B.C.). In it, he advocates some rather extreme methods: removing children from their mothers' care and raising them as wards of the state, and differentiating children suitable to the various castes, the highest receiving the most education, so that they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able. He believed that education should be holistic, including facts, skills, physical discipline, music, and art. Plato believed that talent and intelligence are not distributed genetically and thus can be found in children born to all classes, although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model.
Aristotle considered human nature, habit, and reason to be equally important forces to be cultivated in education, the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and virtuous citizens. He proposed that teachers lead their students systematically, and that repetition be used as a key tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas. He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects taught, among which he explicitly mentions reading, writing, mathematics, music, physical education, literature, history, and a wide range of sciences, as well as play, which he also considered important.
Question:
Children who are imparted the highest education would be responsible for:
Option 1: developing talent and skills
Option 2: inculcating good habits
Option 3: guarding the city
Option 4: teaching the illiterate
Correct Answer: guarding the city
Solution : The third option is the correct choice.
In Plato's philosophy, particularly outlined in The Republic, children who receive the highest education are expected to be responsible for guarding the city.
Explanation:
Plato proposes a system in The Republic where education is a key element, and he advocates for the differentiation of children suitable to various castes. The highest caste, according to Plato, would receive the most education. These highly educated individuals are envisioned to serve as guardians of the city. Their role is not only to protect the city but also to care for those who are less able.
Question : Which of the following statements is not correct regarding the Constitution of India (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002?
Option 1: It made the provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years under Article 45.
Option 2: It made it binding for the Government of India to set up a nodal ministry to ensure the effective implementation of these provisions under Article 75.
Option 3: Providing opportunities for education to his child or ward between the ages of 6-14 years was made a Fundamental Duty of a parent or guardian under Article 51A.
Option 4: Free and compulsory education for all children of the age of 6-14 years in the manner as determined by the State' was made a Fundamental Right under Article 21A.
Correct Answer: It made it binding for the Government of India to set up a nodal ministry to ensure the effective implementation of these provisions under Article 75.
Solution : The correct answer is It made it binding for the Government of India to set up a nodal ministry to ensure the effective implementation of these provisions under Article 75.
The 86th Amendment Act of the Constitution was introduced in 2002, and it states that the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of 6 to 14 years in the manner as determined by the state.
All the options are correct except the option that talks about Article 75, and the 86th Amendment Act of 2002 is not related to Article 75; it talks about the appointment of the Prime Minister and the other Council of Ministers.
Question : Read the following text and answer the questions.
The world is becoming global rapidly. The national boundaries have become less significant with the interlinked effects of technology, information flows, and investment mobility. Human knowledge, particularly in the sphere of science and technology, is now growing at a pace that was indeed unthinkable even two decades ago.
The comparative advantage of a nation will be more and more influenced by its capacity to generate, absorb, adapt, and assimilate new technologies into the production process. If liberalization and globalization are not to create islands of prosperity surrounded by vast sea destitution, there has to be a firm commitment to human resource development and to the continuous upgrading of human skills and capabilities in the fast-changing world that we live in. The Indian policymakers are fully committed to building a society that is technologically sophisticated, economically progressive, and socially just, and humane.
The impact of globalization on education is now being felt in India. Indian entrepreneurs are also now investing in education. In the process of privatization of higher education in India, many good institutions have come up and have met the increasing demand for higher education mainly in the area of engineering, business administration, and medical education. But this process has also led to the mushroom growth of low-quality institutions without proper infrastructure, However, the expansion of higher education in India has resulted in increasing access to higher education even in rural areas of the country. In this process, Human Resource Development is taking place at a faster speed as compared to the earlier stage when the opportunities for higher education were limited. Globalization has promoted information technology in India. Indian students have excelled in the area of information technology over many other countries. Development taking place in the developed countries become available to Indian students, scholars, and practitioners through regular contacts and modern technology.
Question:
Choose the antonym of 'promote'.
Option 1: upgrade
Option 2: obstruct
Option 3: cherish
Option 4: bane
Correct Answer: obstruct
Solution : The correct answer is option 2.
Explanation:
Obstruct is the correct answer.
Promoted means to actively support or encourage (a cause, venture, etc.); to advance the progress of.
- Obstructed means to be or get in the way of (an opening, path, road, etc.).
The other words' definitions are as follows: -
Upgrade-raise (something) to a higher standard
Cherished-lovingly protect and care for (someone).
Bane-to curse another person.
Question : Which of the following statement is true?
A: Indian Council for Medical Research is responsible for the promotion of health and family welfare programs.
B: Improper planning for human capital formation has resulted in a shortage of manpower in the health and education sectors.
Option 1: Only a correct
Option 2: Only b correct
Option 3: Both are correct
Option 4: None of the above
Correct Answer: Only b correct
Solution : The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) is India's supreme body to formulate, coordinate and promote biomedical research.
It increases the focus on research on the health problems of the vulnerable, the disadvantaged, and marginalized sections of society.
Inadequate human capital formation planning has resulted in a labor shortage in the health and education sectors.
Hence option b is correct.
Question : Statement 1: Investment in education is the only factor that contributes to human capital formation.
Statement 2: Investment in healthcare and nutrition also plays a significant role in human capital formation.
Option 1: Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is true.
Option 2: Statement 1 is true, but statement 2 is false.
Option 3: Statement 1 is false, but statement 2 is true.
Option 4: Statement 1 is false, and statement 2 is false.
Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is true.
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is true.
Statement 1 is true. Investment in education is indeed a crucial factor in human capital formation. Education equips individuals with knowledge, skills, and abilities, which are essential components of human capital. Through education, individuals acquire specialized knowledge, develop critical thinking skills, and enhance their overall capabilities.
Statement 2 is also true. While education is a significant contributor to human capital formation, it is not the only factor. Investment in healthcare and nutrition is equally important. Good health and proper nutrition are fundamental for individuals to realize their full potential and effectively utilize their human capital. Access to healthcare services and adequate nutrition positively impact individuals' well-being and ability to participate fully in economic and social activities.
Therefore, both statement 1 and statement 2 are true.
Question : Does human capital view health and education as ways to increase?
Option 1: Productivity
Option 2: Efficiency of labor
Option 3: Both of the above
Option 4: None of the above
Correct Answer: Both of the above
Solution : Individuals that invest in their education are able to build their human capital, which aids them in improving their labor productivity and efficiency.
Hence option c is the correct answer.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Educational philosophy is a (1)____ that deals with the analysis of education's objectives, procedures, essence, and ideologies. It is (2)_____ a philosophy and an educational offshoot. Education is defined as the teaching and learning of specialised (3)_____, as well as the instilling of awareness, judgement, knowledge, and understanding, and (4)_____ a much broader spectrum than the societal institute of higher education that we frequently communicate (5)______.
Question
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 4.
Option 1: defines
Option 2: indicates
Option 3: signals
Option 4: encompasses
Correct Answer: encompasses
Solution : The right choice is the fourth option.
In this sentence, encompasses would be used to indicate that the concept being discussed (presumably education) includes or covers a range of elements that is much wider than what is typically associated with higher education institutions.
This suggests that education not only involves formal teaching but also extends to broader aspects like awareness, judgement, knowledge, and understanding.
Therefore, the right choice to fill in the blank is, encompasses.
Question : Assertion: SEBI's development functions include regulating stockbrokers and sub-brokers.
Reason: SEBI aims to provide investor education and training.
Option 1: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 2: Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 3: Assertion is true, but the reason is false.
Option 4: Assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
The assertion is true. SEBI's development functions do include regulating stockbrokers and sub-brokers to ensure a fair and transparent securities market.
The reason is true and provides the correct explanation. SEBI aims to provide investor education and training to enhance investor knowledge and awareness. Educated and informed investors are vital for a healthy and well-functioning securities market. Therefore, the reason accurately explains SEBI's development functions related to investor education and training.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the alternatives given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.
Salvador Dali (1)________ a prominent Spanish surealist painter (2)______ in Figueres, Catalonia, on 11 May 1904. Dali's father was strict in the education of his children unlike (3)________ mother. Dali had a brother named Salvador (4)_____ was born nine months before him and died of gastroenteritis. When he was five, Dali was taken to his brother's grave and was told that he was his brother's (5)_______.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank No. 4.
Option 1: whose
Option 2: who
Option 3: whom
Option 4: that
Correct Answer: who
Solution : The correct choice is the second option.
Who acts as a subjective pronoun, which is used to refer to a person. In this case, it is correctly used as a relative pronoun, as it functions as the subject of a relative clause, introducing additional information about the subject of the sentence. The other options are incorrect, as whom serves as an object of a verb or a preposition, whereas whose is the possessive form of the pronoun.
Therefore, the complete sentence is: "Dali had a brother named Salvador who was born nine months before him and died of gastroenteritis."
Question : Select the correct active voice of the given sentence.
Online summer camps in different sports have been arranged for students by the education ministry.
Option 1: The education ministry is arranging online summer camps in different sports for students.
Option 2: By the education ministry in different sports online summer camps have been arranged for students.
Option 3: The education ministry has arranged online summer camps in different sports for students.
Option 4: Online summer camps in different sports are going to be arranged by the education ministry for students
Correct Answer: The education ministry has arranged online summer camps in different sports for students.
Solution : The correct choice is the third option.
Active voice is the voice in which the subject performs the action expressed by the verb. Thus, "the education ministry" becomes the subject in the active voice.
The structure of the active voice in the present perfect tense is subject + has + past participle form of the verb + object + prepositional phrase.
Therefore, the sentence in the active voice is: The education ministry has arranged online summer camps in different sports for students.