Question : A number is first increased by 40% and then decreased by 25%, again increased by 15% and then decreased by 20%. What is the net increase/decrease percentage in the number?
Option 1: 7.2% decrease
Option 2: 6.4% increase
Option 3: 3.4% increase
Option 4: 3.4% decrease
Correct Answer: 3.4% decrease
Solution : Let the number be 100. Increase = 40% of 100 = 40 Resultant number = 100 + 40 = 140 Decrease = 25% of 140 = 35 Resultant number = 140 – 35 = 105 Increase = 15% of 105 = 15.75 Resultant number = 105 + 15.75 = 120.75 Decrease = 20% of 120.75 = 24.15 Resultant number = 120.75 – 24.15 = 96.6 Net decrease = 100 – 96.6 = 3.4 Required percentage = $\frac{3.4}{100}×100$ = 3.4% Hence, the correct answer is a 3.4% decrease.
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