Question : Directions: Three Statements are given followed by Three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. All stars are moons.
II. Some moons are suns.
III. All suns are satellites.
Conclusions:
I. Some satellites are moons.
II. Some satellites are stars.
III. Some moons are stars.
Option 1: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 2: All conclusions follow
Option 3: Both conclusions I and III follow
Option 4: Both conclusions II and III follow
Correct Answer: Both conclusions I and III follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion I:
Some satellites are moons – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing satellites and moons overlap and have a part of their areas in common. So, from this, it can be concluded that some satellites are moons. Thus, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion II:
Some satellites are stars – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that there is no direct relation between satellites and stars. So, no definite relation can be drawn. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion III:
Some moons are stars – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing moons lie inside the circle representing stars while some lie outside. So, from this, it can be concluded that some moons are stars. Thus, this conclusion follows.
Therefore, conclusions I and III follow. Hence, the third option is correct.
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